Mendelian Genetics Calculator
Master genetics probability by simulating crosses, visualizing Punnett Squares, and calculating phenotype ratios.
About this simulation
- What
- An interactive Biology simulation of Mendelian Genetics Calculator.
- Who
- Designed for AP, IB, and A‑Level Biology students.
- How
- Runs in any modern browser — drag, adjust, and explore in real time.
Updated 2025-10-15
Key Concepts
Law of Segregation
During gamete formation, the two alleles for each gene segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.
Genotype vs Phenotype
Genotype is the genetic makeup (e.g., Aa), while Phenotype is the physical expression of the trait (e.g., Brown Eyes).
Dominant & Recessive
Dominant alleles (A) mask recessive alleles (a). Recessive traits only appear if the genotype is homozygous recessive (aa).
Learn Mendelian Genetics with Punnett Squares
Genetics Probability is the mathematical prediction of inheritance patterns. By utilizing an interactive Punnett Square, we can visualize how the Law of Segregation governs the distribution of alleles from parents to their progeny.
In a standard Monohybrid Cross, each cell in the 2×2 grid represents a potential offspring Genotype (the genetic makeup, e.g., AA, Aa, or aa). This genotype directly dictates the Phenotype, which is the observable physical trait, such as eye color or height.
Use this tool to simulate crosses and analyze Dominant and Recessive inheritance frequencies, allowing you to master classic Mendelian ratios and predict the outcome of biological breeding experiments.